• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Multi-purpose modular floating flexible polymer system. System based on complex bags of polymeric material that float horizontally and join together to form modules, which in turn are joined together. It is suitable for building installations on water that require large surfaces, but with relatively minor loads, that do not vary significantly over time, distributed evenly throughout the surface, and whose functionality is not particularly sensitive to the movement induced by the surf. The surface can be submerged at will in adverse wind or sea conditions, so the installations must withstand immersion periods of hours or days. Those components or equipment that can not support the immersion must be located on auxiliary platforms, smaller and designed with different principles, which are not the object of the invention. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2660841A1
    申请号:ES201600705
    申请日:2016-08-26
    公开日:2018-03-26
    发明作者:Juan Pablo NEBRERA SALCEDO
    申请人:Clecoser S L；Clecoser SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

     5 DESCRIPTION MODULAR FLEXIBLE FLEXIBLE POLLMERIC SYSTEM OF MULTIPLE USES SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE The proposed invention intends to solve economically the location in aquatic environment of various types of large-area installations, of lesser weight (real or apparent, as far as that the volume is partly submerged), distributed homogeneously over time and space, through the use of lightweight polymeric materials, which integrate a system of bags of variable volume and / or density, an injection and evacuation system of fluids inside these bags, a set control system and several auxiliary systems necessary for the functionality of each particular installation and that are not part of the invention. 15 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As the human population grows and the environmental and social requirements become more demanding, the possibility of moving certain facilities or activities to the sea, lakes or large rivers becomes more attractive, some of which require of considerable surfaces. 20 The need to create support structures, floating or supported by the seabed, is evident in the case of off-shore platforms or foundations for offshore wind. When it comes to installations that require a large area, especially if they are intended to be located in areas of high seas or with high winds, design problems are related to (i) the need to resist adverse atmospheric and / or meta-oceanic conditions that, although there are generally 25 for relatively short times, they condition the design and lead to costly and / or ineffective solutions and (ii) the type of loads to be supported as part of the function that the platform should have. The proposed invention is suitable for relatively smaller loads, which do not vary significantly over time, distributed homogeneously over large areas, and whose functionality is not especially sensitive to wave-induced movement. Since the meaning of the invention is to go at low costs, resistance to adverse conditions will always be limited, so that large surface loads or installations must withstand periods of immersion for hours or days while adverse wind or swell conditions persist. The depth of the dive will depend on the significant wave size of the site, 35 being able to reach depths of 15 m.When components or equipment that cannot be submerged or are sensitive to movement are required, they must be located on much smaller auxiliary platforms described below. 5 Example: background of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as a photovoltaic plant support to be installed in an aquatic environment. 10 At present, many photovoltaic generation plants are installed almost entirely on land, with very few examples of photovoltaic parks on water, be it lakes, reservoirs or the sea. Some photovoltaic generation plants have been developed in port areas, whose photovoltaic panels rely on rigid metal structures, similar to those mounted on land, adding some type of floating device. 15 Similar installations in terms of their basic principles have been developed on rigid floating elements on water sheets in lakes or reservoirs. The use of rigid supports for photovoltaic panels in these applications complicates the operation and maintenance of the panels and increases the construction cost. In addition, the rigidity of the structure makes them quite vulnerable to weather conditions, especially in the marine environment. Finally, to try to achieve photovoltaic generation facilities in off-shore areas, that is, over the sea, 25 multidisciplinary platforms have been conceptually developed, floating or supported on the seabed, which require a large construction investment, commissioning and maintenance, so that these platforms, for the moment have been limited to ideas or projects that are not carried out in commercial industrial practice. In addition, these platforms are rigid structures, which, like the installations in ports, makes them vulnerable to weather conditions. None of the references found in Espacenet (Le. US2015029877 4A 1, KR20160017555 (A) or PH12014000229 (A 1) among others) have similar characteristics to the proposed invention. In particular, none is designed so that it can submerge and emerge at will in anticipation of excessive wind or swell conditions. 35 EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTIONThe system is intended for installation on a sheet of water, either in off-shore areas or in lakes, reservoirs or rivers. Succinctly, it is a plurality of associated floating bags in elements of at least two individual bags, of approximately rectangular section each, 5 glued together so that one is on top of the other Fig. 1 (b1) , (b2), but which can be of different materials and characteristics, so that (for example in the application of a photovoltaic plant, Fig. 1) in their upper part they support an additional approximately triangular bag that, when occupying approximately half of the upper face of the set, it gives rise to two approximately flat faces, one horizontal and one inclined (c1) (with fixed or variable inclination at 10 will). This inclined face supports the surface or solar sheet (a), while the horizontal part (b) can support the electrical and mechanical installation, as well as an access road for installation and maintenance work. Several of these elements can be joined laterally (Fig. 2) to give rise to a module, e.g. of solar field (Fig. 3). Several of these modules can be grouped, joining them together and to platforms anchored to the seabed (Fig 4, 15 (d)), e.g. to form a solar plant (Fig. 4). In cases where the installation is designed for the marine environment, it will be necessary to provide it with an immersion system in the face of the prediction of meteorological situations (waves, wind) that could damage the structures. To do this, the ability to fill or empty air at will some of the elementary bags will be exploited to submerge the structure to the desired depth, in which it is not affected by the waves, and emerge when circumstances arise again that allow its safe operation. The location in water allows the bag to be designed to directly support the solar surface so that it can be an air duct or cooling water of this solar surface to improve its performance. The field can be completed with an automated cleaning system (see Fig 1 sprinklers), including the use of desalinated water to be produced in one of the 25 auxiliary platforms. In a preferred embodiment, these auxiliary platforms are connected by means of submarine cables to reinforced points of the perimeter of the field, which allows to avoid the drift of the same by the action of wind or currents, as well as, through a winch system, produce the slow turn of the field to follow the daily path of the sun during the day and return to the starting situation during the night, which can also be achieved by placing 30 in the right places propeller propellers with electric motors. The systems of filling and emptying of air, control system and other auxiliaries depending on the specific applications can be located on land, in an area close to where the system is located, or on auxiliary platforms, which can be of the semi-submersible type, since they must withstand wind and waves, and have a good anchoring system or supported to the bottom, and that are not the subject of this invention, since there are several alternatives for its construction and installation. For example, in the case ofPhotovoltaic plant, these platforms must contain all mechanical, electrical and electronic equipment that is not submersible. The proposed invention is suitable for relatively smaller loads, which do not vary significantly over time, distributed homogeneously over large areas, and which do not have special sensitivity to movement induced by waves. Since the meaning of the invention is to go at low costs, resistance to adverse conditions is limited, so that the loads that make up the installation, except those housed in auxiliary platforms, must withstand periods of immersion of hours or days while the adverse wind or swell conditions. The depth of the dive will depend on the significant wave size of the site, and may reach depths of 15 m. 15 20 25 30 Although polymeric materials have been used for a long time with great success in the construction of boats and floating docks, the type of use described in this report we believe is novel because it has the following characteristics: for grouping prismatic linear structures, using semi-rigid polymeric materials, with variable geometry and density of the set at will through one or more fluid filling and emptying systems regulated by a distributed control system, which acts according to the operating needs of the installation or to submerge it to safeguard it from excessive swell or wind It is therefore characterized in that such system allows immersion and emersion at will of the whole It is characterized in that the design of the system and the materials used allow industrial manufacturing on land and easy laying in water of large modules The lightness of the system and its design features allow grouping several modules to compose very large surfaces In predominantly floating applications, the design allows to play with the mass and stiffness of each set, through the combination of various types and sizes of bags, and their partial filling or total with different types of fluid, to absorb part of the wave energy and limit the movements of the elements located on the support structure It has great flexibility to make concrete designs easily adaptable to multiple applications BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To complete the description that is It is carrying out and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes,represented the following: Fig. 1. - It shows a section of two elements constituted by sets of three elongated bags joined together that float horizontally, elements that in turn join laterally to each other, used for a preferred application of photovoltaic plant, being the section of each 5 element of orientative dimensions of 3x3 m2. Fig. 2.- It shows a plan view of how several elements would be joined to constitute a module, with an approximate length of each element of about 60 m and that would group, for merely indicative purposes, 40 of these elements, resulting in a module of about 60x120 m2 (also orientative dimensions) 10 Fig. 3.-Illustrates the union of many modules to constitute a solar field Fig. 4.-Illustrates a solar field with the support platforms on two of its sides Fig. 4bis.-Illustrates a solar field with a single central platform Fig. 5.-Shows a section of a reservoir of a lighter fluid than the water that is to be stored between two waters, eg a desalinated water tank in the sea 15 Fig. 6.-Shows a set of tanks, also with a lighter fluid than water Fig. 7.-Illustrates the concept of the system supporting a light and flexible structure, for example for a playground Fig. 8.-Illustrates an arrangement of a wave damping field Fig. 9.-Shows a complex bag section for photobioreactor 20 Fig. 10.-Illustrates a photobioreactor field with a central platform PREFERRED REALIZATION OF THE INVENTION The system comprises a plurality of semi-rigid polymer structures of a modular nature, where several linear elements are grouped into one module, which in turn is grouped with 25 other modules to give rise to the final assembly, for example a photovoltaic solar field. This final set, for example a photovoltaic solar field, can be controlled from one or more platforms, fixed or floating, moored or supported at the bottom, much smaller and built in steel or concrete, which support the auxiliary systems of the plant, and that are different for different applications. 30 In the preferred embodiment of a photovoltaic plant, each element consists of several approximately prismatic elongated bags of diverse section Fig. 1 (b1), (b2), (b3), longitudinally joined one above the other, and which constitute, considered jointly , an element of variable section, which, in this configuration, has an additional top bag with circular sector section (b3) whose angle can be changed between 0 ° (when the sun is 35 at its maximum height above the horizon at midday of the summer solstice) and 90 ° (at sunrise and sunset). The face corresponding to what would be the mobile radio of this section (c1) serves assupport for photovoltaic panels or panels of any technology (a) (based or not on silicon, crystalline or not, in the form of "thin film" or any other photovoltaic technology (which is not the object of this invention)), this It is each elementary polymer structure that supports at least one photovoltaic surface. 5 In short, the upper part of the element has two approximately flat faces with a common edge; one of the flat faces has an approximately horizontal orientation and the other flat face (c1), of variable or fixed inclination, houses the photovoltaic sheets (a). The variation of the angle between the two faces is carried out, where appropriate, to optimize the incidence of the sun's rays on the photovoltaic sheets, and is achieved by modifying the air pressure in the approximately triangular section bag (b3) that supports the photovoltaic sheets. On the other hand, this same upper chamber (b3) can serve to circulate the air or water through it, cooling the sun-hidden face of the panels or photovoltaic materials (a), thus contributing to avoid excessive heating that adversely affect its performance. 15 Of the two lower chambers, the upper one (b2) will be inflated with air, so that buoyancy is maintained at the desired height above the water surface, and the lower one (b1) will be filled with water, of form that provides inertia to the set to limit the effect of the waves and the wind. There is no limitation "a priori" regarding the dimensions. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the individual bags, for reasons of ease of manufacture, assembly, operation and maintenance, would be around 3 m, and their length around 50-60 m. Each element of several stacked bags is handled independently by the control system, which fills or empties the air or water bags at will, depending on the mode of operation that is programmed (ie, normal operation, immersion, submerged maintenance or 25). emersion). If necessary, some of the bags can be divided longitudinally to improve the control of movement or flotation, adding inlet and outlet valves to each individual section. To compose the modules, each element is fixed to the neighbor either by a longitudinal weld of the polymeric material Fig. 1 (d) or by a system of rings fixed to longitudinal cables 30 that are joined to other transverse ones to constitute the whole of the solar field. In one of the preferred configurations, in which it is desired to sink the platform into the water to avoid the effects of the waves, the extraction of the air from the intermediate chamber (b2) causes the assembly to stop floating, sinking slowly; Upon reaching the desired depth, a small air injection increases buoyancy again, so that it can be adjusted at will to keep the assembly at the desired depth. The plurality of elements andmodules linked to each other prevents uneven effects of the assembly by accumulation of air at one of the ends. The photovoltaic generation plant object of this preferred embodiment, in one of the 5 possible variants, has a plurality of associated modules through a mooring system that joins them together and to the fixed platforms where the devices and systems that cannot be located are located. dive. In Fig 4 and Fig 4bis two upper views of solar fields are shown, one with two lateral platforms and another with a single central platform. The most appropriate system will depend on the mooring costs of the platforms, the solar field to these and the own solar field at the bottom, in the latter case when the tracking of the sun on the vertical axis is renounced and the depth is not excessive and make this solution too expensive. The photovoltaic generation plant object of the preferred embodiment of the invention has a dual-axis daily solar path monitoring system, which modifies the position of the photosensitive faces and the park as a whole. The vertical axis solar path tracking system employs a system of chains or cables that joins the plurality of polymeric structures with the platforms fixed to the seabed, so that, by releasing or picking up the chains or cables, a rotation is provided to the set, which results in a follow-up of the path that the sun makes during its daytime journey. In another preferred embodiment, 20 electric thrusters are used at strategic points to achieve the rotation of the assembly in the desired direction and speed. The system described above, operated in a coordinated manner from the platforms anchored to the seabed, also causes the photovoltaic generation plant to sink into the sea 25 (remember that an application is for photovoltaic generation facilities in off-shore areas) protecting all the set of the direct action of waves or excessive winds. Given the possible location of the photovoltaic generation plant object of the invention in off-shore areas, the photovoltaic sheets can be covered with dirt (mainly saltpeter) 30 either because the photovoltaic generation plant has been submerged, by splashing or deposits or for any other reason, therefore to clean the photovoltaic sheets, one of the preferred embodiments of the photovoltaic generation plant object of the invention has an automated photovoltaic sheet cleaning system, which drives desalinated water on the photovoltaic sheet through of sprinklers. The maintenance platform on the flat part 35 of the upper chamber will be used for less frequent cleaning that requiresphysical actions beyond freshwater irrigation, as well as for inspection and maintenance of cables and other electrical or mechanical elements of the installation. Some of the general advantages of the system have already been listed in part in 2 above. Additional advantages 5 for all applications are: 10 Cost savings, as they are economical materials and easily recycle bias Ease and economy of manufacturing, construction and putting in water, as described below Minimum environmental impact; recyclable material, minimum demolition costs Very short construction and installation period, generally limited by the specific elements of the specific use rather than by the support system. Possibility of locating the facilities in areas of low environmental and social impact. elements in the water and armed of the set; ease of moving it if necessary 15 Other specific advantages for one of the preferred applications, the marine solar plant, are described below by way of example: Solar energy has a relatively low density, so its uptake requires large areas, whose availability on land can be problematic, because the available surfaces are expensive or inappropriate. 20 With the reduction of costs of electricity generating materials with solar irradiation (for example, photovoltaic panels) the costs of land, foundations, support and assembly structures are an increasing part of the total costs of solar land plants. The invention that arises, to the extent that it proposes to use low cost polymeric materials, we believe can be competitive on many occasions. 25 On the other hand, the possibility of orienting the surface in double axis and cooling the solar sheets to keep them at optimum temperatures allows to ensure very high levels of performance. From the point of view of irradiation, although it is true that marine humidity reduces direct irradiation, it is also true that this reduction affects global irradiation much less, which is what allows, for example, photovoltaic generation. 30 In summary, a plant like the one described must provide yields equal to or better than those of an equivalent plant on land with the same surface and photovoltaic material. On the other hand, the construction system conceived allows the industrialized construction and putting in water of modules of considerable size, reducing the assembly operations in water to a minimum. 35 Regarding operation and maintenance, it is conceived automatically and remotely, just a few preventive maintenance visits per year.Additional applications of the invention Storage of fluids in aquatic environment The storage of fluids in aquatic environment, using polymeric materials, allows saving 5 by replacing tanks or deposits on the earth's surface by semi-rigid bags that, when immersed in seawater, must withstand efforts comparatively much smaller than land deposits. In addition to the lower efforts derived from the lower bulk density of the fluid to be stored, seismic stresses or snow or wind loads are saved. The fluids to be stored may be aqueous (e.g. desalinated water, drinking water), hydrocarbons 10 (e.g. crude, gasoline, naphtha) or other fluids, such as chemicals. Naturally, the storage of potentially contaminating fluids requires designs and precautions similar to those that should be considered on land, but adapted to the nature of the environment (e.g. double or triple containment layer, with leak detectors in each layer). A typical section of a preferred embodiment for this application is shown in Fig. 5, in which the main storage bag 15 (b) of a less dense fluid is seen than the water that in this case has been supposed to be stored. between two waters, at a certain distance from the surface of the water (a), the side bags (c) to control possible breakage or damage of the main bag to avoid spillage into the sea or lake, and moorings to the dead or bottom anchors (d). Fig. 6 shows a section of a set of bags (b) that remain anchored thanks to a cable system or a network that hugs them and connects them with the ties to the dead or bottom anchors. The connections between the bags for filling or emptying and the transfer of the fluid to and from the ground facilities where it is produced or consumed correspond to well-known technology that is not described in this invention. Protection of the surface of reservoirs or lakes to limit evaporation or prevent contamination. In areas where fresh water is scarce, sometimes obtained by desalination, and stored in ponds or reservoirs outdoors, evaporation losses can be remarkable A similar problem occurs in mining or industrial waste decantation reservoirs, where it is desired to avoid evaporation losses. In this case, a system like the one described can be easy to implement and economical, and to limit these losses very considerably. In this case, the joints (d) Fig. 1 must be continuous, to avoid evaporation. Support for surfaces that should not withstand excessive concentrated weights In places (eg mountainous islands) where flat surfaces are virtually non-existent, the system can support a flat top platform (eg also built in 35 polymeric materials) to create a flat surface wide provided that the loading requirements are not excessive, for example to create recreational or sports spaces. These spacesThey can be submerged with excessive swell, or simply when not in use, to preserve the installation. An example is illustrated in Fig. 7 where a light surface with some flexibility (a) is supported by a set of modules similar to those described above, composed in this case by elements of two bags, one filled with air (b) and another of water (c) to be maintained at a certain height above the surface (d) of the water. The detail design is such that, when not used, or when wind or swell is forecast, the system is submerged to a depth where it is not affected by the action of the swell. Artificial breakwater to limit waves around ships or fixed platforms to which other vessels should be moored or covered 10 This use can be very convenient around ships or platforms dedicated to bunkering, especially to bunkering of Liquefied Natural Gas, which It has more stringent swell requirements than liquid fuels. This embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 8, where the bags full of water (c) are much more bulky and heavy than those of air (b), since it is about the whole absorbing part of the energy of the waves. The specific design 15 will obviously depend on the meta-oceanic conditions of the installation site. In any case, the system must be submerged when conditions are excessively adverse and there is a risk that it will be damaged by tensions beyond those of design. As a photobioreactor for algal cultivation 20 One of the major components of the cost of algal cultivation, especially marine ones, is the photobioreactor, which must necessarily have a large extension to capture solar energy, the basis for the photosynthesis reaction. The use of a version of the invention for this purpose allows a photobioreactor to be built both on calm waters (lakes, large rivers) and on open waters (off-shore), being submersible in this second case during periods of bad weather. An embodiment with this concept is illustrated in Fig. 9; water (in which the seaweed culture grows) flows through the bags (b), supposedly in this case in continuous process; through the bags (a), which communicate at intervals with the (b), air (or other gas, such as C02) circulates to regulate the composition of the gases dissolved in the water; The bags (c), optional in this case, can serve to give stability to the assembly. Flexible pipes (e.g. polyethylene) that can be added to the assembly to transport nutrients along the bag system are not shown. The photobioreactor field is necessarily completed with one or more platforms, located in the center of the field or on some of its sides, where the immersion and emersion pumping mechanisms and the auxiliary culture systems are located, and where it is collected and , optionally, a first treatment of the final stream of charged water of the cultivated algae is carried out, in a similar way to that exposed for the photovoltaic field. Figure 10 illustrates the positioning ofa fixed platform in the center of the field; In this case, where solar tracking is less critical, the field is set as fixed, and can be tied directly to the bottom, as well as tied to the central platform, which in turn is tied to the bottom or supported by it. 
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1.- Floating system to support or carry out different types of light installations on water, characterized by being made up of a plurality of elements, each one composed of at least two bags of elongated prismatic shape, of semi-rigid polymeric materials , resistant to the water in which they must operate, joined longitudinally to each other, of which the lower bag contains water of the same characteristics (or at least of the same or very similar density) to that in which the assembly floats, and the upper bag contains water. another fluid of lower density than the water in the lower bag, with a flotation control system that allows the set to be submerged or emersed at will by filling or emptying the fluid from the upper bag, so that the density of the set becomes higher than the water on which it floats (immersion) or lower (emersion). Such elements are joined to form modules that are in turn associated with each other, and that are placed horizontally on the surface of the water, being able to form extensive surfaces, horizontal in different ways, from a few hundred to several million m2. 2.-System according to claim 1, characterized by adding a third longitudinal bag on the upper bag and attached to it, of approximately triangular section and side approximately half the width of the upper bag, and whose upper face, to which it is fixed a generating photosensitive surface, which can be in the form of a solar panel (and which is not part of this invention) can be tilted at will by inflating or deflating the triangular bag using the same float control system or another independent one. 3.-System according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a system is added so that the entire system can rotate on a vertical axis to track the daily path of the sun, either thanks to a system of cables or chains They are operated from winches located on the fixed platforms or by means of a drive system of 25 propellers located on the perimeter. 4.-System according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that part of the systems, mechanisms and auxiliary devices are located in one or more non-submersible auxiliary platforms 5.-System according to claim 2 characterized in that by the triangular section bag, air or another fluid is circulated 6.-System according to one or more of the previous claims characterized in that the upper part of the elements supports a generally flat, light and flexible surface 7.-System according to one or more of the previous claims characterized by incorporating longitudinal bags or flexible pipes for the distribution of fluids 8.-System according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by incorporating a cleaning system by spraying fresh water5 9.-System according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that a longitudinal platform is added to all or some of the elements, fixed to the upper bag, to support cables, pipes or passage of personnel or automated assembly tools or maintenance.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2018037140A1|2018-03-01|
    ES2660841B1|2019-01-17|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2579125A|2018-11-20|2020-06-10|Univ Jiangsu Science & Tech|Typhoon-resistant floating breakwater system and control method thereof|US5775248A|1996-12-18|1998-07-07|Simola; Charles H.|Stabilized float drum|
    US5911542A|1997-01-31|1999-06-15|Diamond Dock, L.L.C.|Unsinkable floating dock system|
    US20120090667A1|2009-06-17|2012-04-19|Water Innovations Power and Technology Holdings Pty, LTD|Power float|
    KR20140029880A|2012-08-31|2014-03-11|박영현|Airbag pontoon|
    法律状态:
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    2020-10-02| PC2A| Transfer of patent|Owner name: ACS SERVICIOS, COMUNICACIONES Y ENERGIA, S.L. Effective date: 20200928 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600705A|ES2660841B1|2016-08-26|2016-08-26|Multi-purpose modular floating flexible polymer system|ES201600705A| ES2660841B1|2016-08-26|2016-08-26|Multi-purpose modular floating flexible polymer system|
    PCT/ES2017/070500| WO2018037140A1|2016-08-26|2017-07-11|Multiple-use modular flexible polymer system|
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